Showing posts with label languages. Show all posts
Showing posts with label languages. Show all posts

Saturday, July 28, 2012

Why Male Cats Are Called Tomcats

Male Cat : Relaxing man and cat on sofa.
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

Male cats used to be called "rams" or "boars" until a popular novel was published in 1760 about a cat named Tom.  The Life and Adventures of a Cat has been attributed to the British author William Guthrie, but authorship hasn't been verified.  For more information click here.  For more terms relating to cats click here.

What did you learn today?

Sunday, July 15, 2012

Mouries' Margarine

Oleo : Margarine on spoon Stock Photo
Photo of margarine on a spoon, where it should stay, courtesy 123rf.com

On this day in 1869 French chemist Hippolyte Mege Mouries (1817-1880) was granted a patent for margarine.  He developed this substitute for butter for a contest sponsored by Napoleon III.  Mouries coined the word margarine from the Greek word marganon, which means pearl, because in his experiments he isolated a substance that looked like pearls.

During the Industrial Revolution people migrated from farms to cities to work, which produced a shortage of butter in France.  So Napolean III sponsored the contest for producing a butter substitute, which Mouries won.

Margarine is vegetable oil or meat fats mixed with milk and salt, and dye to give it the yellow color.  Some people say margarine is better for you than butter.  Some people say butter is better for you than margarine.  I just say, "Please pass the butter."

For more information click here.  What did you learn today?

Saturday, July 14, 2012

Lemon-Aide...

Meyer Lemon : Meyer Lemon Stock Photo
Photo of Meyer lemon courtesy 123rf.com

My favorite lemon is the Meyer lemon, almost edible right off the tree, more lemon flavor than pucker.  I was first introduced to the Meyer lemon when I lived in San Jose, California, where more houses have citrus trees in their back yards than don't.  Indeed, I had a Meyer lemon tree in my yard, frozen lemon juice in my freezer, and more lemon pies, cakes, bars, butters, sauces, and lemonade than I and my friends could keep in our iceboxes, so most of those spent a lot of time in our freezers, too.

Very often I enjoy what the French call lemon presse or citron presse (click here for the recipe; I make mine with delicious Kal Pure Stevia Extract, not that bad junk sold in grocery stores).  I drink it especially when I've had a heavy meal or my stomach just isn't feeling quite right.  Being in a small city in East Texas right now, I don't have regular access to Meyer lemons except when I travel, so I often substitute limes in this hot drink.

Some doctors have been touting the health benefits of lemons, and I remember reading somewhere a couple of years ago that some doctor said if everyone drank a lemon presse without the sugar every day we could virtually wipe out inflammation and illness.  Click here for more ideas about the curative powers of lemons.

So, what didn't I know about lemons:  the native home of lemons is unknown, but many suspect that it is India.  By 200 A.D. lemon trees were introduced in Italy, and by 1300 they were cultivated widely throughout the Mediterranean region and Asian countries.  The oldest city in the U.S., St. Augustine, Florida, had lemon trees producing fruit by its founding in 1565.

Click here for more information about lemons.  By the way, click here for the best recipes using Kal Pure Stevia Extract.  What did you learn today?

Wednesday, July 11, 2012

How Turks & Caicos Got Their Name

Turks And Caicos Islands : Sovereign state flag of dependent country of Turks and Caicos Islands in official colors.
Photo of Turks and Caicos Islands flag courtesy 123rf.com

The Turks and Caicos Islands are located in the Caribbean Ocean.  One of the stories concerning their name is: "Turks" comes from the native cactus shaped like a fez; and the term "caya hico" meaning "string of islands".  For more information click here.  What did you learn today?

Friday, June 29, 2012

Who Is YOUR Friday Named After?

Venus : Ancient marble statue of Venus isolated on whiteFreya : Freya Norse goddess of love and beauty riding a chariot pulled by her two cats and wild boar.

Photo of Venus and Freya courtesy 123rf.com

I knew that Friday was named after the Norse Goddess Freya, but I didn't know that is not true for all western languages.  In some languages Friday is named after the Greek Goddess Venus.  So, in French Friday is called Vendredi, which I knew since I speak French, but I never questioned the origin.  In Romanian Friday is Vineri.  For more information click here.  What did you learn today?

Thursday, May 31, 2012

We Speak Russian Here!

Russia Map : Russian federation map
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

I'm learning Russian, and I wondered today which other countries I could visit and use the Russian language.  These countries are:  Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, and Serbia.  Russian is also one of the six official languages of the U.N.  For more information click here and click here.  What did you learn today?

Wednesday, May 9, 2012

The Big Village Of North America

Canada Map : Abstract vector color map of Canada country  Stock Photo
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

In the language of native Indians in Canada, Canada means "Big Village".  For more information click here.  What did you learn today?

Saturday, February 25, 2012

Language and Brain Switches

Brain Speech : Abstract speaker silhouette with bubbles in the head Stock Photo
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

There is a questionnaire now being given by scientists to bilingual persons in several countries such as Spain (speakers of Spanish and Catalan) and Canada (speakers of English and French).  The studies are trying to determine what unconscious changes occur in the brain when switching from one language to the other. 

For more information click here.  What did you learn today?

Wednesday, February 15, 2012

It's a Great Dog Night Tonight!

Diagram of the constellation Canis Major
Photo courtesy SeaSky.org

Canis Major, Great Dog, is a constellation that can be seen in both hemispheres tonight.  It contains Sirius (which means "scorching", and is also known as the Dog Star), which is the brightest star in the night sky.  For more information click here.

Wednesday, February 1, 2012

Camelopardalis: The Giraffe

Diagram of the constellation Camelopardalus
Photo courtesy SeaSky.org

Tonight the constellation, Camelopardalis (Latin for "Giraffe"), crosses the meridian.  I didn't know about this constellation.  It was first named Camel, then later changed to Giraffe.  During February the northern hemisphere can see it upside down; it is right-side up in summer.  For more information click here.

Friday, January 13, 2012

Language, Language...

Language : Illustration of Thank you in many languages
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

There are 2,700 languages spoken on Earth.  There are 7,000 dialects.  1,000 of the world's languages are spoken in Africa.  For more information click here.

I am studying Mandarin Chinese in the anticipation of possibly visiting China in August 2013.  I thought that the sounds of Chinese words would have no relationship to the sounds of the same words in other languages, but I am discovering that this is not true.  I also like discovering palindromes in different languages.  What interesting discovery have you made while studying a language different from your native language?

Sunday, January 8, 2012

Lewis and Clark, and the Whale Skeleton

Whale Skeleton : Whale skeleton in Caleta de Fuste, Fuerteventura Spain Stock Photo
Photo of whale skeleton courtesy 123rf.com

On this day in 1806, Lewis and Clark discovered a skeleton of a 105 feet long blue whale that had washed up from the Pacific Ocean onto the banks of Ecola Creek in what is modern-day Cannon Beach, Oregon.  They discovered the Tillamook Indians nearby boiling the blubber, and purchased some blubber from them.  Clark named this creek Ecola Creek or E co-la, which means Whale Creek.  (All the links in this paragraph are relevant to the expedition.)  For more information, click here, and click here, and click here.

Meriwether Lewis is a very, very distant relative of mine, so I probably have a little greater than average interest in the expedition.  What events in history most interest you and why?

Friday, January 6, 2012

Toulouse-Lautrec's Drink: The Earthquake!

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec - A corner in a dance hall
Photo of "A Corner in a Dance Hall" painting by Toulouse-Lautrec courtesy AllPaintings.org

One of my favorite artists is Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901).  I especially like his crowd scenes.  Whenever I visit the Art Institute of Chicago, the first thing I always do is go to the Impressionists/Post-Impressionists section to see At the Moulin Rouge.  What I didn't know is that Toulouse-Lautrec is credited with creating a drink that became very popular at the time, called Tremblement de Terre or Earthquake, which is half absinthe & half cognac.  In the early 19th century absinthe was believed to cure digestive disorders, and so some thought the drink he created was almost wholesome!  In time, however, some brewers began using lethal solvents in the production of absinthe, which led to the eventual outlawing of absinthe in most of Europe and the United States.

Who is your favorite artist?

Wednesday, January 4, 2012

Science, Latin, and Technology 2012

access
Photo of Solanum sanchez-vegae, first plant to be documented in new system, courtesy sciencenews.org

As of this year, scientists may write new discoveries of plant, algae, and fungus species online in English.  Prior to January 1, 2012 all scientific discoveries had to be published in papers, and descriptions written in Latin.  Now only the names must be in Latin.  Since only about half of all plants and a tiny amount of all fungus and algae having been classified, scientists hope these changes will speed up the classifying of all this planet's species.  For more information click here.

My favorite plant is Gardenia augusta, also known as Gardenia jasminoides, the common gardenia shrub.  Gardenia is my favorite scent, and the shrub is beautiful all year (evergreen) even when it isn't flowering.  What is your favorite plant and why?

Sunday, January 1, 2012

History of New Year's Good Luck Traditions

Dutch Donuts : An Oliebol is typical Dutch and is only baked during te days between Christmas and New Year
Photo of Dutch oliebol, which is only baked during the days between Christmas and New Year.
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

An old New Year's belief is that how you spend the first day of the new year will influence the rest of the year.  So, people will do things that they believe will give them good luck such as eating certain foods, and will spend the day with people whom they wish to be with during the coming year.

For some cultures, using something in the form of a ring on New Year's Day symbolizes completing the year uninterrupted by misfortune.  This is why the Dutch believe that eating doughnuts on New Year's Day will bring good luck all year.  For more information click here.

What New Year's traditions do you and your family observe?

Friday, December 23, 2011

Christmas in Puerto Rico

Roast Pig : roast pig Stock Photo
Photo courtesy 123rf.com

Christmas celebrations in Puerto Rico are both religious and secular.  Religious celebrations last six weeks, ending January 6 with the Feast of the Three Kings who visited the Holy Family in Bethlehem.  On the eve of this feast children put grain and water under their beds to feed the camels of the kings.

The Christmas Eve celebration includes a big feast at midnight consisting of the favorite seasonal foods of roast pig, rice and peas, pasteles, and coconut pudding.  The favorite seasonal drink is coquito, which is made of coconut milk and white rum.  For more information click here.

Monday, December 19, 2011

Christmas in South America


Photo courtesy FreeImagesLive.co.uk

South America is in the middle of summer during the Christmas season, so holidays can include fireworks, trips to the beaches for surfing and swimming, picnics, and barbecues.  While Christmas has been influenced by native traditions and U.S. and European customs, the majority of people celebrating Christmas in South America do so in a devoutly religious manner.  Nativity scenes are especially prevalent and important to South Americans.

There are separate celebrations that include feasts on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, and since the Christmas season extends through Epiphany there are religious celebrations and feasting on New Year's Day as well.  Some of the special Christmas-season foods are Christmas pudding, a special dessert cake called Pan de Pascua, roast pig or peacock, steak, turkey, and pies.  Special Christmas-season drinks are cola de mono or "monkey's tail",  fruit juice, cider, beer, and champagne.

For more information click here, and click here, and click here.

What Christmas traditions does your family observe?

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

History of Christmas Carols


Photo courtesy FreeImagesLive.co.uk

Carol or carole is a medieval word that meant "a celebratory religious dance with song".  Originally pagans in Europe celebrated with carols on the winter solstice, and gradually the singing of carols merged with the Christmas celebration.  Some believe that the earliest Christmas carols were written in the 14th century.  The general consensus is that at least the singing of Christmas carols became popular in the 14th century.  For more information click here and click here.

What is your favorite Christmas carole, and why?

Tuesday, December 13, 2011

Christkind

Christkind bring gifts images
Photo courtesy Loadtr.com

One thing that Christmas celebrations around the world have in common is a gift-giver.  Most Christmas gift-givers are Saint Nicholas- or Santa Claus-type figures, but in Germany the gift bringer is called Christkind, which means "Christ child", and she's a little blond girl with angel-wings and a golden crown.  For more information click here and click here.

Who is the gift-giver in your country, and what is that person called?

Monday, December 5, 2011

Look Up to See Triangulum!

Triangulum

Photo courtesy Scientific-Web

In tonight's sky in the northern hemisphere, you may be able to see the constellation Triangulum, which is Latin for triangle, the shape of this constellation.  It's one of the original 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy (90-168).  Ptolemy authored treatises on math, geography, and astronomy.  For more information, click here.

Did you see this constellation tonight?